Ch 48 Ap Biology Guide Answers
Submitted By Walrusman222 Words 1995 Pages 8 AP Biology Reading Guide Fred and Theresa Holtzclaw Chapter 48: Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling Name Period Chapter 48: Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling Concept 48.1 Neuron organization and structure reflect function in information transfer 1. What is a neuron? Neurons can be placed into three groups, based on their location and function. Type of Neuron Function Transmit information from a sense receptor to the brain or spinal cord sensory neurons Integrate information within brain or spinal cord; connect sensory and motor neurons; located entirely within the CNS interneurons Transmit information from the brain or spinal cord to a muscle or gland; Cause muscle contraction or gland secretion motor neurons 3. Neurons are the nerve cells that transfer information within the body. Which division of the nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord?
The central nervous system 4. This sketch shows two neurons.
- View Notes - Chapter 48. Neurons, Synapses and Signaling - Study Guide from BIOLOGY 102 at Claflin University. Chapter 48: Neurons, Synapses, and.
- AP Biology Reading Guide Chapter 48: Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling Fred and Theresa Holtzclaw. If you look ahead to Chapter 50, Figure 50.29, you will see a synapse between a neuron and a muscle cell, resulting in depolarization of the muscle cell and its contraction. What is this very important neurotransmitter?
Ap biology study guide answers chapter 48 and lots of other books can be downloaded by everyone. Don't believe? Yes, it is true, our digital library can become.
Label the following elements of this figure: cell body, dendrites, axon, synapse, presynaptic cell, postsynaptic cell, synaptic vesicles, synaptic terminal, and neurotransmitter. Axin synapse presynapse cell dendrites vesticles synapse postsynapse 5. What is shown in the box above? What do the red spheres represent? Chemical signal Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.1- AP Biology Reading Guide Fred and Theresa Holtzclaw 6. Chapter 48: Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling What is indicated by the red arrows in the main figure?
That a signal is being passed 7. What are glial cells? The neurons of vertebrates and most invertebrates require supporting cells called glial cells, or glia, which nourish neurons, insulate the axons of neurons, and regulate the extracellular fluid surrounding neurons. Concept 48.2.Chapter 16 THE SOUTH AND SLAVERY, 1793–1860 1. Part Three Introduction This introduction gives you a preview of the authors’ answers to certain key questions about the causes and consequences of the nation’s “awesome trial by fire,” the Civil War. Look at this section and list three major questions you think the authors will be addressing in the next seven chapters.
(1) (2) (3) 2. Southern Economy and Social Structure a. Explain the connection between the invention of the cotton gin by Eli in 17 and the rapid expansion of short-staple cotton production based on slave labor in the South. If the cotton gin actually made picking seeds from cotton much easier, why did planters perceive a vastly increased need for slave labor?
Cotton was king in both the South and in Britain. By 1840, cotton amounted to percent of U. Exports and accounted for more than percent of the world’s supply. Britain’s economy was based on cotton textiles, and Britain got percent of its fiber supply from the South. (No wonder Southerners thought England would “be tied to them by cotton threads” in the event of conflict with the North.) c.
List two negatives of this Southern plantation economy mentioned by the authors. Although most slaves were owned by the large-scale planters, most slave-owners held only a few slaves each, and often worked together with them in the fields. The chart on p. Words: 1591 - Pages: 7.Chapter 19 1.
The American War for Independence was when the colonists decided they were sick of paying taxes to the British, and they were sick of being under Britain’s rule. The revolution started when the stamp act was put in place in 1765.
This led to riots. Also, the Americans and the Britain’s had very different views on how a country should be run. For example, Britain believed in a supreme authority. America believed in having representatives of the people. The colonists kept rioting until they finally decided in 1776, to declare their independence.
The Declaration of Independence was approved on July 4, 1776. It was a great risk fighting Britain because they had a very strong army.
However, if they hadn’t taken that risk, we wouldn’t be living here today. George Washington led the American troops.
One of the main reasons America won their independence was because France came to help. If it weren’t for France, we probably would have lost. The Americans won at Yorktown in 1781. Cornwallis finally surrendered. The Treaty of Paris was signed, which showed that America was an independent country. France played a huge role in America’s victory.
It’s interesting though, because France didn’t come to help because they believed in the cause. France came to help because they wanted revenge on the British.
France brought in their Navy and blockaded the British. They also provided money and arms. And French officers and soldiers were under Washington’s commands.
Words: 1773 - Pages: 8.CHAPTER 4 RISK ASSESSMENT Answers to Review Questions 1. Audit risk is the risk that the auditor expresses an inappropriate audit opinion when the financial statements are materially misstated. Engagement risk is the risk that the auditor is exposed to financial loss or damage to his or her professional reputation from litigation, adverse publicity, or other events arising in connection with financial statements audited and reported on. In simple terms, audit risk is the risk that an auditor will issue an unqualified opinion on materially misstated financial statements, while engagement risk relates to the auditor's exposure to financial loss and damage to his or her professional reputation. Inherent risk and control risk differ from detection risk in that inherent risk and control risk exist independent of the audit; that is, the levels of inherent risk and control risk are functions of the client and its environment.
The auditor has little control over these risks. The auditor can control detection risk through the scope (nature, timing, and extent) of the audit procedures performed.
Thus, detection risk has an inverse relationship with inherent risk and control risk. Standard setters developed the audit risk model as a planning and evaluation tool. Therefore, the model is only as good as the judgments and assessments used as inputs.
Following are some limitations. First, since the auditor assesses inherent risk and control risk, such assessments. Words: 2327 - Pages: 10.chapter 1 accounting information systems: An overview Suggested Answers to Discussion Questions 1.1 The value of information is the difference between the benefits realized from using that information and the costs of producing it.
Would you, or any organization, ever produce information if its expected costs exceeded its benefits? If so, provide some examples. If not, why not? Most organizations produce information only if its value exceeds its cost. However, there are two situations where information may be produced even if its cost exceeds its value.
It is often difficult to estimate accurately the value of information and the cost of producing it. Therefore, organizations may produce information that they expect will produce benefits in excess of its costs, only to be disappointed after the fact. Production of the information may be mandated by either a government agency or a private organization. Examples include the tax reports required by the IRS and disclosure requirements for financial reporting. 1.2 Can the characteristics of useful information listed in Table 1-1 be met simultaneously? Or does achieving one mean sacrificing another? Several of the criteria in Table 1.1 can be met simultaneously.
For example, more timely information is also likely to be more relevant. Verifiable information is likely to be more reliable. However, achieving one objective may require sacrificing another. Words: 6172 - Pages: 25.CHAPTER 2 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, TAXES, AND CASH FLOWS Learning Objectives LO1 The difference between accounting value (or “book” value) and market value. LO2 The difference between accounting income and cash flow. LO3 How to determine a firm’s cash flow from its financial statements.
LO4 The difference between average and marginal tax rates. LO5 The basics of Capital Cost Allowance (CCA) and Undepreciated Capital Cost (UCC). Answers to Concepts Review and Critical Thinking Questions 1. (LO1) Liquidity measures how quickly and easily an asset can be converted to cash without significant loss in value. It’s desirable for firms to have high liquidity so that they have a large factor of safety in meeting short-term creditor demands.
However, since liquidity also has an opportunity cost associated with it—namely that higher returns can generally be found by investing the cash into productive assets—low liquidity levels are also desirable to the firm. It’s up to the firm’s financial management staff to find a reasonable compromise between these opposing needs. (LO2) The recognition and matching principles in financial accounting call for revenues, and the costs associated with producing those revenues, to be “booked” when the revenue process is essentially complete, not necessarily when the cash is collected or bills are paid. Note that this way is not necessarily correct; it’s the way accountants have chosen to do it. (LO1) Historical costs can be. Words: 3822 - Pages: 16.AP World History - Stearns Chapter 2 – Classical Civilization: China I.
Introduction – longest-lived civilization in history A. Couldn’t learn from other cultures 2. Rare invasions 3. Distinctive identity 4. Relatively little internal chaos w/ decline of Shang dynasty a. Greatest links to classical society B.
Intellectual theory 1. Harmony of nature – yin and yang – balance 2. Seek Dao – the way a. Avoid excess b. Appreciate balance of opposites c. Humans part of world, not on outside – like Mediterranean Thesis: China emerged with an unusually well-integrated system in which government, philosophy, economic incentives, the family, and the individual were intended to blend into a harmonious whole.
Patterns in Classical China A. Pattern of rule 1. Dynasty, family of kings – create strong politics, economy 2. Dynasty grew weak, taxes declined 3.
Social divisions increased 4. Invasion or internal rebellion 5. Another dynasty emerged – general, invader, peasant rebel B. Zhou Dynasty – 1029-258 BCE 1.
Started decline in 700 BCE 2. Ruled w/ local princes – alliance system a. Successful in agricultural communities – ie manor system Europe b. Princes received land for troops/tax 3.
Eventually local leaders ignored central gov’t 4. Contributions a. Extended territory to “Middle Kingdom” – wheat north, rice south 1.
Words: 1242 - Pages: 5.Chapter 7 Assessment Answers 1.) B.) is the following firewall rule that prevents internal users from accessing public FTP sites. 2.) A.) is a Default-Deny rule. 3.) The Default-Deny rule appears last in the rule set. 4.) C.) is the Mechanism that allows a firewall to hand off authentication to a dedicated service host on a different system. 5.) E.) All events should be included in the file log.
6.) Stopping intrusions is not an activity used in firewall logging. 7.) An internal user accessing a public web site is not in a firewall log warrant investigation by an administrator. 8.) Centralized logging is a highly recommended method or technique for keeping firewall logs secure and uncorrupted. 9.) Packets from an unassigned internal address is an event found in a firewall log file that is a symptom of a rogue host operating within the private network. 10.) False negatives is the biggest issue or problem with an IDS.
11.) Using first match apply rule systems is not a limitation of a firewall. 12.) Wirespeed is when a firewall is able to process packets, filter malicious code, transit authorized communications onward to their destination without introducing latency or lag. 13.) Native antivirus scanning is not related to improving or maintaining the performance of a firewall. 14.) Transport mode is a form of encryption allows a firewall to filter based on the original source and destination address. 15.) The Web can be.
Words: 364 - Pages: 2.CHAPTER 22: THE ORDEAL OF RECONSTRUCTION The Problems of Peace Know: Reconstruction 1. 'Dismal indeed was the picture presented by the war-wracked South when the rattle of musketry faded.' Not only had an age perished, but a civilization had collapsed, economically and socially.
Cities were reduced to rubble, there was no economic life; banks and businesses collapsed. The transportation system had broken down completely. Agriculture was hopelessly crippled. The planter aristocrats were humbled.
Southerners were resentful and in denial. Freedmen Define Freedom Know: Exodusters, American Methodist Episcopal Church, American Missionary Association 2. How did African-Americans respond to emancipation in the decade following the war?
Many southerners resisted this so they killed many slaves, etc. Some slaves were loyal to their master and resisted the liberating Union armies, other slaves' pent up bitterness burst forth violently on the day of liberation. Many newly emancipated slaves joined union troops in pillaging and some slaves got revenge. When the masters were forced to tell their slaves that they were free, some slaves were suspicious but later they celebrated. Emancipated slaves took on journeys to test their freedom, find lost family, look for jobs, etc. The Freedmen's Bureau Know: Freedmen's Bureau, General Oliver O. Assess the effectiveness of the Freedmen's Bureau.
It taught 200,000 blacks how to read and many former. Words: 1415 - Pages: 6.BIOS 231 Final Exam Answers Follow Link Below To Get Tutorial BIOS 231 Final Exam Answers Q.1) ATP is converted into cAMP by which enzyme? Q.2) According to Ohms law, if the voltage increases, the current decreases.
Q.3) Afferent fibers are fibers that transmit impulses from the receptors to the CNS. Q.4) These cells cushion the brain Q.5) Exocytosis is the process in which Q.6) Threshold of a neuron is reached at how many millivolts?
Q.7) Glands are innervated by the somatic motor system. Q.8) Saltatory conduction also occurs in post-synaptic fibers.
Q.9) Typically, what is the charge of a neuron at rest? Q.10) The autonomic nervous system is responsible for maintaining the constancy of the body’s internal environment (homeostasis).
Q.11) These cells form the myelin sheath in the CNS. Q.12) “J” REPRESENTS THE Q.13) The sympathetic division conserves energy and promotes nonemergency functions. Q.14) and causes depolarization of the post synaptic membrane. Words: 513 - Pages: 3.Comprehensive Income is defined as the change in equity (net assets) of a business entity during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from nonowner sources. It includes all changes in equity during a period except those resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. CE2-2 The FASB Codification’s organization is closely aligned with the elements of financial statements, as articulated in the Conceptual Framework. This is apparent in the lay-out of the “Browse” section, which has primary links for Assets, Liabilities, Equity, Revenues, and Expenses.
2-4 Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Kieso, Intermediate Accounting, 15/e, Solutions Manual (For Instructor Use Only) ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS 1. A conceptual framework is a coherent system of interrelated objectives and fundamentals that can lead to consistent standards and that prescribes the nature, function, and limits of financial accounting and financial statements. A conceptual framework is necessary in financial accounting for the following reasons: (1) It enables the FASB to issue more useful and consistent standards in the future. (2) New issues will be more quickly solvable by reference to an existing framework of basic theory. (3) It increases financial statement users’ understanding of and confidence in financial reporting.
(4) It enhances comparability among companies’ financial statements. The basic objective is to provide financial.
Words: 16128 - Pages: 65.CHAPTER 1 The Role of the Public Accountant in the American Economy Review Questions 1–1 The “crisis of credibility” largely arose from the number of companies that restated their previously issued financial statements as a result of accounting irregularities and fraud. Especially responsible were the very visible Enron and WorldCom fraud cases. Both companies filed for bankruptcy and constituted the largest companies in American history to do so. The extent of the accounting irregularities and fraud being investigated and disclosed brought into question the effectiveness of financial statement audits. In addition, the criminal conviction of Arthur Andersen, LLP, one of the then Big 5 accounting firms, on charges of destroying documents related to the Enron case brought into question the ethical standards of the profession.
1–2 Assurance services are professional services that enhance the quality of information, or its context, for decision making. The two types are: (a) those that increase the reliability of information and (b) those that involve putting information in a form or context that facilitates decision making.
Ap Biology Ch 48 Reading Guide Answers
1–3 A financial statement audit is, by far, the most common type of attest engagement. The overall assertion, made by management, most frequently is that the financial statements follow generally accepted accounting principles. 1–4 A large corporation with securities listed on a stock exchange is required by the rules of the. Words: 5310 - Pages: 22. Organism Community Organ Every answer choice except 'organ' ranges from the organismal level to those more inclusive: population, community, and ecosystem. 'Organ' is the least inclusive choice, as it represents just part of a single organ system within an individual organism.
Population Question 2 2 / 2 pts Which of the following is not a step in the scientific method? Conclusion Hypothesis Observation Experiment Scientific law The scientific method generally involves four steps: making observations, formulating a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis with experiments, and drawing a conclusion. A scientific law is what we call a theory that has withstood numerous tests by different researchers over time. Question 3 2 / 2 pts While examining a drop of pond water under the microscope, you find a unicellular organism with a nucleus. The cell contains structures indicating that the organism can perform photosynthesis. To what kingdom would you assign this organism?
Animals Plants Fungi Protists Protists are eukaryotes and may be unicellular or multicellular. Many, but not all, are capable of photosynthesis. Archaea Question 4 2 / 2 pts Which of the following levels of organization would an ecologist be most interested in studying? Cells Organs Communities All of the answer choices besides 'communities' are levels of.
Words: 13000 - Pages: 52.INSTRUCTORS MANUAL: MULTINATIONAL FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, 9TH ED. CHAPTER 15 SUGGESTED ANSWERS TO CHAPTER 15 QUESTIONS 1. As seen in Exhibit 15.2, Hong Kong stocks are over twice as volatile as U.S. Does that mean that risk-averse American investors should avoid Hong Kong equities? Although Hong Stock stocks are much more volatile /than U.S. Stocks, their systematic component of risk is relatively low because of the low correlation with the U.S.
The net result is that the systematic risk (beta) of the average Hong Kong stock from a U.S. Perspective is only 0.85, compared with a beta of 1.0 for the average U.S. In other words, diversifying into Hong Kong stocks will reduce the riskiness of a portfolio currently concentrated in U.S. What characteristics of foreign securities lead to diversification benefits for American investors?
The two basic characteristics are: a) Many foreign securities are issued by companies that produce goods and services not available from U.S. Companies are more or less subject to the same cyclical economic fluctuations. Foreign securities by contrast involve claims on economies whose cycles are not perfectly in phase with the U.S. Economic cycle. Thus, just as movements in different stocks partially offset one another in an all-U.S. Portfolio, so also movements in U.S.
Ap Biology Answer Key
Stocks cancel out each other somewhat. Words: 6684 - Pages: 27.Chapter C:2 Formation of the Corporation Discussion Questions C:2-1 A new business can be conducted as a sole proprietorship, partnership, C corporation, S corporation, LLC, or LLP. Each form has tax and nontax advantages and disadvantages.
See pages C:2-2 through C:2-7 for a listing of the tax advantages and disadvantages of each form. A comparison of the C corporation, S corporation, and partnership alternative business forms appears in Appendix F.
C:2-2 through C:2-8. C:2-2 Alice and Bill should consider forming a corporation and making an S corporation election. An S corporation election will permit the losses incurred during the first few years to be passed through to Alice and Bill and be used to offset income from other sources. The corporate form allows them limited liability. As an alternative to incorporating, Alice and Bill might consider a limited liability company that is taxed as a partnership.
C:2-6 through C:2-8. C:2-3 The only default tax classification for the LLC is a partnership. Because the LLC has two owners, it cannot be taxed as a sole proprietorship. The entity can elect to be taxed as a C corporation or an S corporation. If the entity makes such an election, Sec. 351 applies to the deemed corporate formation. The entity would have to make a separate election to be treated as an S corporation.
C:2-8 and C:2-9. C:2-4 The default tax classification for White Corporation is a C corporation.
White can elect to. Words: 14473 - Pages: 58.Notes: Chapter 11 “Congress” I. Introduction 1. The Congress that the U.S.
And most Latin American countries has is different from the Parliament that most European nations have because in Europe, a person who wants to run for office must persuade his party to nominate him, while in America, politicians can run for themselves. In Europe, people vote for parties; in America, they vote for individuals.
In primaries, people vote especially for a “person” (and his qualities, traits, etc), and in general elections, this is sometimes true also. In parliament, legislators can support their leaders or not, and if they don’t then new leaders (prime minister and various cabinet members) must be elected. This ensures that more action can occur, since the parties of the executive and legislative branches are practically always the same. Congress is free from the turmoil of possible collapsing executive branches and is more powerful to make decisions; Congressmen don’t have to worry about easily losing their positions come another election. In Congress, there is less cohesion in bill passing, and less stuff can get done. Parliaments members usually engage in debate, are poorly paid, have little independent power, and receive little power as well. Meanwhile, Congressmen are much better paid, have more power, do many.
Words: 6015 - Pages: 25.
Ap Biology Exam Review Guide
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